Description
Sundial Lupine (Lupinus perennis subsp. perennis), also known as Wild Lupine, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to eastern North America. It typically grows between 1 to 2.5 feet tall and features palmately compound leaves with 7 to 11 leaflets, each up to 2 inches long. In late spring to early summer, it produces upright, elongated clusters of pea-like flowers in shades of blue to purple, adding vibrant color to its natural habitats.
Thriving in full sun to partial shade, Sundial Lupine prefers dry, well-drained, sandy or gravelly soils. It is commonly found in environments such as dry open woods, clearings, and inland pine barrens and sand plains. The plant's deep taproot enables it to tolerate poor-nutrient soils by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, thereby improving soil fertility. However, it may be short-lived and can die back during the heat of summer.
Ecologically, Lupinus perennis plays a crucial role as the sole host plant for the endangered Karner Blue butterfly (Plebejus samuelis), providing essential foliage for its larvae. Additionally, it supports other butterfly species such as the Frosted Elfin (Callophrys irus). The plant's seeds serve as a food source for small mammals and birds, contributing to local biodiversity.
