Heart-leaf Golden Alexanders
(Zizia aptera)

Description

Heart-leaf Golden Alexanders (Zizia aptera), also known as Heart-leaved Meadow Parsnip, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to North America. It typically grows between 1 to 3 feet tall, featuring glossy, heart-shaped basal leaves that distinguish it from its close relative, Zizia aurea. The upper stem leaves are smaller and may be divided into three segments. From late spring to early summer (April to June), it produces flat-topped clusters (umbels) of small, bright yellow flowers, each about 1/8 inch across, adding vibrant color to meadows, prairies, and open woodlands.​
This species thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers moist, well-drained soils. It is commonly found in moist woodlands, thickets, glades, prairies, and clearings. Heart-leaf Golden Alexanders is adaptable to various soil types, including clay, loam, and sandy soils, and is hardy in USDA Zones 3 through 8. Once established, it exhibits drought tolerance, making it suitable for rain gardens, pollinator gardens, and naturalized areas.​
Ecologically, Zizia aptera plays a significant role in supporting pollinators. Its nectar-rich flowers attract a variety of insects, including bees, flies, butterflies, and beetles. Notably, it serves as a host plant for the caterpillars of the Black Swallowtail butterfly (Papilio polyxenes), providing essential food for their larvae. Additionally, its early blooming period offers a critical nectar source for emerging pollinators in the spring.

Additional information